Complete label & actives
Payarmin Formula Architecture
Payarmin's label itemizes one active, chromium picolinate at 0.7 mcg per 1 mL, and folds 22 more into a 200 mg proprietary blend without individual amounts. Here is every entry, its form and its flags.
Clinical takeaways
- Per 1 mL: chromium picolinate 0.7 mcg (2% DV) plus a 200 mg proprietary blend of 22 entries.
- Only the order is known inside the blend: maca is the largest share, L-carnitine the smallest.
- Three safety flags: a licorice compound, grapefruit extract and two caffeine sources, all with unstated amounts.
- The base contains xylitol, which is harmless to people in small amounts but toxic to dogs.
The Supplement Facts panel, transcribed
Serving size: 1 mL · Servings per container: 30
Chromium (as chromium picolinate) 0.7 mcg (2% DV)
Proprietary blend 200 mg: Maca (Lepidium meyenii) Root Extract, Grape (Vitis vinifera) Seed Extract, Guarana (Paullinia cupana) Seed Extract, African Mango (Irvingia gabonensis) Seed Extract, Eleutherococcus Senticosus Root Extract, Astragalus Root Extract, Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Leaf Extract, Gymnema Leaf Extract, Coleus Forskohlii Root Extract, Capsicum Annuum Fruit Extract, Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) Fruit Extract, Panax Ginseng Aerial Extract, Raspberry Ketones, L-Glutamine, L-Tyrosine, L-Arginine Base, Beta-Alanine, Monoammonium Glycyrrhizinate, GABA (Gamma amino butyric acid), L-Ornithine HCL, L-Tryptophan, L-Carnitine Base.
Other ingredients: Glycerin, Water, Organic Lemon Extract, Stevia Extract 97% (Reb A), Xylitol, Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Sorbate, Citric Acid, and Natural Flavors.
Directions: Take 1 or 2 droppers full daily. Place in mouth and swallow.
We transcribed this from the maker's own label artwork. The sales page calls the ginseng a root; the label says aerial extract. When the two disagree, the label is what is in the bottle.
Standardized extracts versus plain names
The label uses the word "extract" for eleven of the botanicals but never gives a ratio (such as 10:1) or a marker percentage (such as 25% gymnemic acids). Without those, the same 20 mg of "gymnema leaf extract" could carry very different amounts of the active compounds. Our article on why botanical standardization matters explains what to ask for.
All 22 blend entries
| Ingredient | Form | What research looks at | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maca (Lepidium meyenii) root extract | Root extract | Energy and libido in traditional use; no human glucose trials located. | Little glucose data |
| Grape (Vitis vinifera) seed extract | Seed extract | Blood pressure and lipid markers in a meta-analysis, not glucose. | Little glucose data |
| Guarana (Paullinia cupana) seed extract | Seed extract | A caffeine source. The label gives no caffeine figure. | Safety flag |
| African mango (Irvingia gabonensis) seed extract | Seed extract | Small Cameroon weight trials at 150 mg twice a day; a systematic review called them weak. | Little glucose data |
| Eleutherococcus senticosus root extract | Root extract | Adaptogen with fatigue research; no reliable glucose outcome data. | Little glucose data |
| Astragalus root extract | Root extract | NCCIH describes human evidence as limited for any use. | Little glucose data |
| Green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf extract | Leaf extract | 17 RCTs pooled: a small drop in fasting glucose; extracts carry a rare liver-injury signal. | Glucose trials exist |
| Gymnema leaf extract | Leaf extract | The most glucose-relevant herb here; older trials used about 400 mg a day of a standardized extract. | Glucose trials exist |
| Coleus forskohlii root extract | Root extract | One small trial on body composition in men; no glucose endpoint. | Little glucose data |
| Capsicum annuum fruit extract | Fruit extract | Thermogenic and appetite work; not studied for glucose in this form. | Little glucose data |
| Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) fruit extract | Fruit extract | No glucose role. Grapefruit compounds can raise blood levels of some medicines. | Safety flag |
| Panax ginseng aerial extract | Aerial parts, not root | Root extracts lowered fasting glucose modestly in a meta-analysis; the label uses aerial parts. | Glucose trials exist |
| Raspberry ketones | Isolated compound | No human glucose evidence located. | Little glucose data |
| L-Glutamine | Amino acid | 15 g doses raised GLP-1 after a meal in one study; this blend is a fraction of a gram. | Little glucose data |
| L-Tyrosine | Amino acid | Catecholamine precursor; no glucose role. | Little glucose data |
| L-Arginine base | Amino acid | Vascular research at gram doses. | Little glucose data |
| Beta-alanine | Amino acid | Exercise performance at 3.2 to 6.4 g a day; can cause tingling. | Little glucose data |
| Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate | Licorice compound | Regular licorice intake is linked to higher blood pressure and low potassium. | Safety flag |
| GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) | Amino acid | Relaxation and sleep marketing; little oral glucose data. | Little glucose data |
| L-Ornithine HCl | Amino acid | Urea cycle amino acid; no glucose role established. | Little glucose data |
| L-Tryptophan | Amino acid | Serotonin precursor; check with a clinician if you take an SSRI. | Safety flag |
| L-Carnitine base | Amino acid | Fat transport into mitochondria; trials use grams a day. | Little glucose data |
Doses: the label ceiling against the trials
Safety flags in the formula
Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate (licorice)
Glycyrrhizin raises blood pressure and lowers potassium when taken regularly in larger amounts.[7][8] The amount here is unknown and probably small, but people with high blood pressure, heart or kidney disease, or who take diuretics should ask a clinician first.
Grapefruit fruit extract
Grapefruit compounds can block an enzyme that clears many medicines, including some statins and blood-pressure drugs, pushing their blood levels up.[9][10] Whether a fruit extract carries enough of those compounds is not stated. If your prescription carries a grapefruit warning, treat this product as grapefruit.
Guarana and green tea
Both supply caffeine; the FDA puts 400 mg a day as an amount not generally linked to harm in healthy adults.[11] The label does not say how much one dropper adds. Concentrated green tea extracts have also been linked to rare liver injury, mostly at high doses and on an empty stomach.[4][5]
Beta-alanine and tryptophan
Beta-alanine can cause harmless tingling at sports doses of grams;[12] at this blend size it is unlikely. L-tryptophan is a serotonin precursor; if you take an antidepressant, mention it to your prescriber.
Xylitol and pets
Xylitol is a sugar alcohol that can cause gas or loose stools in people and is dangerous to dogs even in small amounts. Store the bottle where pets cannot chew the dropper.
Excipient profile
Glycerin and water form the liquid base, lemon extract and natural flavors set the taste, stevia (Reb A) and xylitol sweeten without sugar, and sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate and citric acid keep it shelf-stable once opened. There are no synthetic colors listed. No allergen, gluten or GMO statement is printed on the panel we read.
References
- 1NIH Office of Dietary Supplements. Chromium: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals.
- 2Baskaran K, Kizar Ahamath B, Radha Shanmugasundaram K, Shanmugasundaram ER. Antidiabetic effect of a leaf extract from Gymnema sylvestre in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. J Ethnopharmacol. 1990;30(3):295-300.
- 3Liu K, Zhou R, Wang B, et al. Effect of green tea on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: a meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;98(2):340-348.
- 4LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. Green Tea. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
- 5Oketch-Rabah HA, Roe AL, Rider CV, et al. United States Pharmacopeia (USP) comprehensive review of the hepatotoxicity of green tea extracts. Toxicol Rep. 2020;7:386-402.
- 6Shishtar E, Sievenpiper JL, Djedovic V, et al. The effect of ginseng (the genus Panax) on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. PLoS One. 2014;9(9):e107391.
- 7National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Licorice Root.
- 8Penninkilampi R, Eslick EM, Eslick GD. The association between consistent licorice ingestion, hypertension and hypokalaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hum Hypertens. 2017;31(11):699-707.
- 9U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Grapefruit Juice and Some Drugs Don't Mix.
- 10Bailey DG, Dresser G, Arnold JM. Grapefruit-medication interactions: forbidden fruit or avoidable consequences? CMAJ. 2013;185(4):309-316.
- 11U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Spilling the Beans: How Much Caffeine Is Too Much?
- 12Trexler ET, Smith-Ryan AE, Stout JR, et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: beta-alanine. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015;12:30.